OS Lecture 9: File-System Interface
File Concept
非易失 nonvolatile
a file is a logical storage unit
File Attributes
- name
- identifier
- type
- location
- size
- protection-access-control
- time,date,and user identification
文件的属性放在哪
放在目录里边(目录也保存在外存上)
file operations
操作
- create : 分配空间+创建目录项
- write : write pointer
- read : read pointer
- reposition with file:also known as seek
- delete: release space + erase the directory entry
- truncate: 只是把内容修改了,属性没有改变
Other:
- for file: append,rename
- for file attribute:chown,chmod
- for directory & directory entries:
- open:找到表目 --> 放到内存 -->
- close:写回属性
open file table
记录了打开了哪些,读到了哪里
两极访问:
- 对每个进程都有个open file table(记录一些与进程相关的信息)
* file pointer 读到了那些信息,写到了哪些信息 * access control:访问模式,可读可写可执行
- 同时整个系统也有一个open file table(记录一些通用的信息)
* file-open count: 记录被打开的次数 (几个进程统一打开) * disk location of the file
file Structure
- None 无结构 的 字节流
- Simple record structure
- Complex Structures
internal file structure
how to locate an offset within a file?
字节流 ---如何-映射到--> 块
把字节流打包成块 再映射
也可能出现内碎片
Access method
*sequential access
direct access
Directory Structure
以文件形式存放在磁盘上 sorry a ,后面没有集中精力,就不记了